总统反对封城黑帮发出“宵禁令” 中国企业家讲述疫情下的巴西

刘蓓蓓是一位生活在巴西的企业家。2013年，刚毕业的她加入创业大军，成为了一家互联网金融企业的合伙人。七年来，公司不断发展壮大，业务逐渐向全球拓展。两年前，她带着公司的蓝图来到巴西，开始在这里工作生活。

Liu Beibei is an entrepreneur living in Brazil. She decided to join a startup after graduating in 2013, and later became a co-founder of a fintech company. The company has been growing for the past seven years with its business expanding globally. Two years ago, Liu went to Brazil under the company's blueprint, starting to live and work in the country.

新冠肺炎疫情刚在中国暴发的时候，刘蓓蓓正在广西老家过年。2月初，按照原定的计划，她搭乘飞机回到了工作所在地巴西圣保罗。此后，身处另一个半球的她，每天都在跟进国内的疫情情况。

Liu was spending Spring Festival in Guangxi, her hometown, when COVID-19 broke out in China. Though hard to leave family, she flew back to São Paulo in early February as planned. She paid close attention to the situation in China while working in another hemisphere.

那时，圣保罗的氛围和手机里的文字推送仿佛两个世界。2月22日的周末，巴西人还在庆祝一年一度的狂欢节。“新冠病毒只是遥远的地球另一端，一万六千公里外，所发生的骇人听闻的新闻故事。”

At that time, the atmosphere in São Paulo was totally different from the push notifications in her cellphone. On the weekend of Feb 22, Brazilians were celebrating the annual carnival. "Coronavirus is merely horrific news from the other side of the world, 16,000 kilometers away from here."

口罩早已脱销

2月26日和29日，巴西确诊两例新冠肺炎病例，两位患者均为圣保罗居民，近期都曾到访意大利。直到3月中旬，各个公司在市政府和州政府的号召下，陆续都实行了在家办公的政策，并提倡居民减少外出，尽量自我隔离。

On Feb 26 and 29, Brazil confirmed two COVID-19 cases. Both patients were residents of São Paulo who had recently traveled to Italy. In the middle of March, companies started implementing a work from home policy after being called on by local and state governments. Residents were encouraged to limit their trips outside and try to self-isolate.

不过，戴口罩这一现象在巴西普通民众中却并不常见。疫情初期，官方发布建议指南，明确要求民众不要戴口罩，将口罩留给医护人员、患者等真正需要的人。刘蓓蓓问询了多家药店，也没能买到口罩，并且没有任何预期可以补货。

However, wearing masks is not common among Brazilians. At the early stage of the outbreak, the government issued guidelines specifically asking people not to wear masks, so they could be spared for medical workers and patients in need. Liu visited several pharmacies, but they were sold out with no promise of being restocked.

暂停所有全国性足球比赛

巴西航空工业在全球飞机制造业排行第三，在波音和空客之后。圣保罗是仅次于纽约及东京的直升机运输量第三大城市。“平日繁忙的天空几乎每隔几分钟就有飞机或直升机飞过。现在看起来沉寂了很多。”

The Brazilian aerospace industry ranks third in global aircraft manufacturing, trailing Boeing and Airbus. São Paulo is the third-largest city after New York and Tokyo in terms of helicopter traffic. "Normally, you'd see flights or helicopters dashing through the sky every several minutes. Now it seems a lot more silent."

街道上的小店都已悉数关门，包括卖花的花车、餐馆、理发店，以及往日雷打不动每天都有球踢的足球场，现在也是空无一人。巴西足协已于3月15日决定，从3月16日起无限期暂停巴西国内所有全国性足球比赛。

Stores on the street have mostly closed, including flower carts, restaurants and barber shops. Even soccer fields that used to be occupied every day are empty now. Brazil's football confederation had announced on March 15 that all national tournaments would be suspended from March 16.

不过，和全球很多城市一样，巴西的外卖服务还在正常提供，外卖员也是街道上最常见的骑行者。超市还在开放，里面的日常用品供应都正常，不过刘蓓蓓观察到，排队的时候人们已经会注意保持距离。

Like many cities, the food delivery platforms in Brazil are still providing services. The bikes of food delivery workers are the most common sight on the street. Supermarkets are still open, properly stocked with daily necessities. Liu observed that people are already keeping their distance while queuing.

总统反对“封城”，黑帮发出“宵禁令”

然而，各州采取的“封锁”措施，却遭到总统博索纳罗的顽强抵抗。他在社交网络上发起“巴西不能停摆”的运动，呼吁民众尽快复工，恢复经济发展。刘蓓蓓说，身边的巴西人对此的态度也相当两极化，其中的分歧一如总统和卫生部部长之间接近决裂的分歧。

However, the lockdown measures taken by states have been strongly opposed by Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro, who launched on social media a campaign titled "Brazil's economy 'can't stop' for coronavirus", calling on people to go back to work soon and recover the economy. Liu said the Brazilians around her hold polarized opinions, and the gap remains as wide as that between the president and health minister, who are already on the verge of parting ways.

反对博索纳罗的巴西人发起“敲锅”运动，他们尖叫、呐喊、播放国歌来表达抗议。

To express their dissatisfaction at the inaction of the Bolsonaro government, quarantined Brazilians started banging pots and pans in protest. They screamed, yelled and played the national anthem to express their anger.

此前的3月23日，甚至有巴西黑帮“红色司令部”通过社交平台，发布了“宵禁令”。

Early on March 23, the Brazilian gang Comando Vermelho issued a curfew notice on Twitter.

其内容大意为：“各位，请待在家里。（疫情）情况正变得越来越糟糕，可有些人却不把它当一回事......从现在起，无论发生什么都必须待在家里，每天晚上8点后是宵禁时间。如果谁在街上被看到，他/她就得学会尊重其他人（尝尝苦头）。我们希望大家都好。如果政府不能有所作为，那就让我们黑帮来解决。”

The message goes like this: "Guys, stay at home. The situation is getting serious and there are people who are taking it as a joke... Now you will stay at home under any circumstance. There is a curfew every day from 8 pm. People caught on the street will learn how to respect others (will suffer punishment). We want the best for the population. If the government does not have the capacity to manage it, our group (mafia organization) will manage it."

居住在圣保罗的刘蓓蓓也听说了里约“黑帮封城”的消息。不过，黑帮活动的区域过于危险，她和其他人一样，与之保持很远的距离，刘蓓蓓说：“那完全是另一个世界”。

Living in São Paulo, Liu also heard the news of "gangs calling for curfews". But the areas that gangs frequent are too dangerous, and she keeps a great distance from them, as other Chinese do. Liu said, "That's a completely different world."