香港“修例风波”，终于有外媒能客观地说清楚了！

近日，“今日俄罗斯”新闻网（RT）重磅发布了一期有关香港暴力事件的深度解读视频，风波背后的美国丑态昭然若揭。

这则片名为《揭开香港的面具》的视频，时长25分钟，一经发布后，连续多天刷屏YouTube、脸书、微博等各大社交媒体平台。

该视频内容逻辑清晰，分析鞭辟入里，从第三方视角探讨了香港事件让外国人匪夷所思的一系列关键问题：

视频开宗明义：香港一片混乱，白天的抗议到了晚上就成了暴力骚乱。奇怪的是，与别的国家不同，香港抗议游行示威期间，美国的国旗在街头随处可见。

Hong Kong is in chaos. People are in the streets every weekend. Marches and rallies during the day become violent rampages at night.

And American flags can be seen in the streets.

主持人问出了一个贯穿始终的问题：

这一切因何而起？为何抗议者要求美国制裁自己所在的城市？

How did this happen? Why are protesters demanding US sanctions on their own city?

如果揭开香港暴力事件的真相，一探究竟，会发现，美国从一开始就伸出了“幕后黑手”。

主持人介绍称：“第一场大规模游行发生于2019年6月，源起香港特首林郑月娥修订《逃犯条例》。就在同一天，美国发出警告称该条例可能会给在港美国居民带来危险，还威胁将采取报复措施，重新评估香港较内地独有的优惠经贸待遇。”

That same day, the United States warned the proposed amendment could endanger its citizens in Hong Kong and threatened it would retaliate by re-examining Hong Kong's preferential economic status compared to the Chinese mainland.

梳理了修订引渡条例的始末，主持人发现，针对该条例的抗议只是个引子，背后是居心叵测的美国政客。

片中主持人认真地介绍了最初决定修订条例的原因，香港男子陈同佳游台湾期间杀害怀孕女友并弃尸，因港台没有引渡协议他仅被判处29个月。此案触发香港提出修订《逃犯条例》。

对此，香港反对派的政客们却声称，中央政府将用这一条例来关押政治异见者，西方各大媒体似乎也这样认为。

中国政府能够借由逃犯条例羁押政治异见者，这一说法是否属实？主持人特地询问了香港立法会议员、前任香港政府保安局局长叶刘淑仪。

I asked a high-ranking Hong Kong lawmaker and former secretary of security if there was any truth to this claim that with the bill China will be able to jail political dissidents.

答案是否定的。采访中叶刘淑仪告诉“今日俄罗斯”的记者：

这种说法毫无根据。 我们的修订案只是扩大了现有条例适用的地域范围，而现有条例在1997年前就已制定，并且完全符合国际人权标准。 No truth whatsoever. You know our amendment legislation only expands the geographical coverage of the existing legislation, which was enacted before 1997 and fully compliant with international human rights standards.

随后《逃犯条例 》被撤回， 但是抗议活动并未就此停止，甚至逐步升级。

更可怕的事情发生了。 主持人介绍道： “ 不久后，公开发声反对抗议者也成了危险之举。 ”

Soon it became dangerous to even voice opposition to these protesters.

而这期间，西方政客们毫不掩饰地声援香港示威抗议活动。

西方需要恶补的历史课

支持香港民主的西方政客们究竟是没上过历史课所以无知，还是揣着明白装糊涂，蓄意破坏。

一度把香港人当做三等公民对待的西方，却跑来支持香港的民主运动，难道不讽刺吗？

It's ironic the West is now supporting a "democracy movement" in Hong Kong.

“今日俄罗斯”记者直击要害介绍道，要知道自1843至1985年，即联合声明签署后一年，香港并未举行任何选举，直至1991年才举行首次直选。

From 1843 to 1985, the year after the joint declaration, there were no elections of any kind, and the fi rst direct election didn't take place in Hong Kong until 1991.

美国争取社会主义和解放党尤金·珀伊尔（Eugene Puryear）告诉记者：“中英联合声明签署后，英国决定，要向香港引入一些民主元素。在此之前，所有香港的官员都由英国王室直接任命，是完全的殖民主义、彻底的反民主。”

我们目前看到的香港现有的选举制度、普选制度中的绝大部分内容是在1997年香港主权收回中华人民共和国后才被引入。英国借机企图制造出一种殖民统治下的香港才是民主社会，而中国共产党领导下的香港就是不民主的假象。

What we see now the current electoral system, the vast majority of that form of universal suffrage has been brought in post-1997.That is, after the return of the sovereignty of the People's Republic of China, and it was directly connected to the idea Britain wanted to create the illusion that Hong Kong, the way we've run it, was democratic, as opposed to this undemocratic-authoritarian-communist government in China.

“今日俄罗斯”找来了历史学专家扎扎实实地给美国和英国的小伙伴补了一堂历史课：鸦片战争后，中国多次战败，香港逐步被殖民者掠夺。

曾于1999-2000期间在香港大学任教的历史学家杰拉尔德·霍恩表示：“香港的整个英国殖民时期，民众一直被当成三等公民对待，持续到了1997年。”

During the entire British era, which lasted until 1997, there was a de facto kind of apartheid that existed in Hong Kong. Chinese people were treated like third-class citizens.

美国争取社会主义和解放党的尤金·珀伊尔告诉记者：“帝国毋自闯入，公然偷走别国的一部分。这应该是各位能想到的最不民主的行为了吧！”

Somehow it's been lost in this that Hong Kong was stolen from China by the British Empire as part of a broader attempt to actually weaken China as a major world power.Which is maybe the most anti-democratic thing you could think of right, an empire just coming in and just stealing a part of a country.

香港的痛点

在“今日俄罗斯”的主播看来，香港的痛点——社会和收入出现较为严重的不公现象，英国难辞其咎。

英国将香港归还中国的条件中不包括对民主的保护，然而却包含了对私人财产的保护，并坚持把香港作为西方资本主义的前哨阵地。

Britain's requirements for returning Hong Kong to China included no protections for democracy, but did include protections for private property and provisions Hong Kong would continue to operate as an outpost of Western capitalism.

而将资本主义奉为神旨，意味着贫富差距成了社会不可调和的矛盾。

国际行动中心的主要负责人萨拉·弗朗德斯 （Sara）告诉 “今日俄罗斯”记者称：“这意味着香港20%的人口处于极端贫困线以下，并且在住房、就业及社会发展方面，并未推出任何举措来改变现状。香港15%的人口是百万富翁，同时20%的人口处于绝对贫困，还有大量的中间阶层担忧自己的境况突然恶化。”

... ens hrined capitalist property relations in the harshest and strict est way. It means that 20 percent of the population is living in utter destitute poverty. And no plan in place in terms of housing, jobs and social development to really change this. Almost 15 percent of the population ranks as millionaires, 20 percent in utter poverty and a huge middle grouping terrified of falling off the cliff.

“今日俄罗斯”认为，贫富差距问题，香港并非个例。

When it comes to inequality, Hong Kong is not alone.

乐施会的报告显示，2017年全球1%的顶尖富豪占据了全球82%的财富。

Oxfam says 82 percent of the wealth created on earth in 2017 went to the world's richest 1 percent.

美国政客告诉“今日俄罗斯”，美国经常有抗议游行，但跟香港这样的却很少见。他不明白，为何香港游行集会的诉求总是逃避重点。

在尤金 （Eugene）看来，香港的问题清晰明了，是包括美国在内的资本主义社会共有的问题，但香港游行示威活动却出现了一个罕见的现象。

这个群体的诉求，并没有完全涉及我们美国人眼中真正的问题，我们和香港人一样都被资本主义肆意蹂躏。 再看看抗议运动领袖都在和什么样的人会面，都是世界各地的激进人士，他们还处心积虑地追着同共和党最高领导层见面。

The demands of this group certainly aren't dealing with many of the problems those of us in America who also are opposed to the worst ravages of capitalism would recognize as real problems. And then too you see who they're meeting with are progressive people anywhere in the world, you know, climbing over one another to be meeting with the Republican high command.

所以我觉得这场运动却另有所图，它是一个企图瓦解中国的更大计划中的一部分。

So, I think this movement is not really about that. It's about a broader attempt to promote really a form of dismembering of China.

视频指出，

全球范围内日益增长的贫富差距成为了骚乱的温床，也为外国势力趁机介入创造了条件。

This growing poverty worldwide creates conditions ripe for unrest, and unfortunately sets the stage for foreign forces to co-opt these sentiments.

美国藏在法案里的秘密

美国为何要支持香港的反政府运动呢？“今日俄罗斯”的主播表示，或许我们应该先看看截止到目前为止，美国借由这场运动实现了什么。

So why is the US supporting an anti-government movement in Hong Kong? Well, maybe we should take a look at what's been actualized by this movement so far.

那就是美国参众议院已经通过了的香港人权与民主法案。这个让人匪夷所思的有违国际法的法案，美国是怎么通过的？

“今日俄罗斯”的记者分析地非常透彻：

一方面，该法案引用《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》，而中国并不认可该公约，那也就意味着依据国际法，该公约并不具有法律约束力。

For one thing, the bill cites the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which is a treaty that China has yet to ratify. That means it's not binding under international law.

民主法案还引用了香港基本法第四十五条，规定香港特区行政长官须以普选产生。美国表示希望香港遵守基本法第四十五条。

The bill also cites Hong Kong Basic Law 45, the provision of Hong Kong's law that states the ultimate aim is the selection of the chief executive by universal suffrage.

然而，如果细读基本法第四十五条就会发现，是否普选应根据香港特区的实际情况而定。然而香港人权与民主法案威胁，如果中央政府不加速实现普选，美国将对中国实施惩罚措施。

The United States says it wants Hong Kong to follow Basic Law 45, but any examination of basic law 45 reveals that implementing such universal suffrage should be done in light of the actual situation in Hong Kong. Still, the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act threatens to punish China if it doesn't accelerate this timeline.

该法案还威胁称，如果香港特区政府遵循基本法，美国也将制裁香港。法案中提到如果特区政府以国家安全为由，通过关于国家安全的基本法第二十三条，美国将制裁香港。

The bill also threatens sanctions if Hong Kong does follow the Hong Kong Basic Law. It says the US will sanction Hong Kong if the Hong Kong government enacts a new law regarding national security pursuant to Article 23 of Basic Law.

基本法第二十三条规定，特区政府可自行禁止任何叛国以及颠覆中央政府的行为。该条款也禁止外国的政治性组织或团体在香港特别行政区进行政治活动，禁止香港特区的政治性组织或团体与外国的政治性组织或团体建立联系。

Article 23 of Basic Law gives Hong Kong the authority to prohibit acts of treason and subversion against China. It also prevents foreign police from conducting political activities and Hong Kong political parties from establishing ties with foreign political parties.

另外，该法案表示无论香港的抗议者们犯了什么罪，他们都能顺利拿到美国签证。 What's more, the bill states protesters in Hong Kong won't have any problems getting US visas regardless of what crimes may have been committed.

分析完法案的内容，“今日俄罗斯”的主播不禁四连问：

美国国会为何要强调，香港抗议者不管犯了什么法都能拿到美签呢？美国国会为何企图用一个不具备法律约束力的条约来惩罚中国违约，还要惩罚香港颁布自己的法律？为何在香港基本法没有给出时间计划的前提下，该法案依旧试图逼迫中央政府加速实现香港普选的进程？为何美国国会想要允许外国势力影响香港局势？

只要分析清楚，通过这个法案对美国何用途，剩下四个问题便迎刃而解。

“今日俄罗斯”通过采访和分析，找到了两方面的主要原因：

1. 法案为美国进一步制裁及干预中国香港打下基础。

2. 美国还能顺带还能通过香港人权与民主法案捞金 。

专家丹尼尔·麦克亚当斯认为，“九十年代后期，美国通过了伊拉克自由法案、叙利亚自由法案、利比亚解放法案，此类法案为日后美国的干预与制裁埋下根基。”

You know in the late 90s, the US passed the Iraq Freedom Act, the Syria Freedom Act, the Libya Liberation Act. What legislation like this is meant to do is to establish a baseline upon which to build and to get further and further down the road of US intervention and sanctions.

香港人权与民主法案授权美国总统列出禁止入境美国的黑名单，并给予美国政府冻结名单上的个人在美资产的权力，无论他们是中国人还是外国人。

The Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act mandates the president to make a list of people for the US to blacklist from entering the country. It gives the US authority to seize the assets of anyone on this list, Chinese or otherwise.

任何企图逃避资产冻结的个人一经发现，将会面临最高100万美元的罚款。 正是由于这个原因，香港人权与民主法案又被称为

“捞金法案”。

And anyone who tries to get around the US confiscating their possessions can be fined for up to a million US dollars. It's for this reason the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act has been called a money grab.

视频的尾声，主持人回答了她最初提出的两个问题：

第一: 这一切因何而起？

马萨诸塞大学安姆斯特分校经济学教授理查德·沃尔夫说出了根本原因：

过去三十年来，中国经济增速是美国的三倍。 中国工薪阶层生活水平的提升速度，比美国的工薪阶层快了太多。

The Chinese economy has been growing three times faster than the United States for the last 30 years. The standard of living of the average Chinese worker has been growing much, much faster than anything that the average American worker experiences. 中国政府及人民知道如何解决全世界人民面临的最严峻的问题，那就是如何消除贫困，过上更好的生活，拥有现代化、工业化的经济，他们正逐步实现这一目标。 The Chinese have figured out how to do the thing that is the most urgent need of the people of this world, which is to stop being poor, and to become comfortable, and they have a modern industrial economy. They're doing that.

中国是世界舞台上正在崛起的力量，这个大家有目共睹。这也意味着挑战了美国。已在世界舞台上占据主导地位约一百年的美国，正在慢慢落后于人。

They are the ascending power in the world. Everybody knows that. And that means they challenge the United States because our dominance, the dominance of the United States, which has been in existence roughly a century, is now heading down.

第二：为何抗议者要求美国制裁自己所在的城市？

萨拉·弗朗德斯表示：无论在世界哪个地方，制裁都意味着经济战或遏制措施。到底香港人为什么这么想制裁自己的城市？这背后的目的，普通民众可能并没有意识到。毕竟他们是看不到未来的年轻人，而这一切都是西方强加给他们的想法。

Sanctions anywhere in the world is economic warfare and strangulation. Why on earth would anyone in Hong Kong make a demand that sanctions be passed on Hong Kong? There is an agenda. They may not be aware these are young people without a future, and that's because of what has been imposed on them from the West.

视频播出后，收获了一大波外国网友的点赞：

感谢你们把复杂的香港问题，解析地如此清晰。

视频信息量非常足，即使你从6月份开始就跟踪此事进展，你也会觉得大开眼界。

美国自己就是这个世界上最大的问题。

编辑： 王瑜 胡雨濛

实习生：周芳颖

参考来源：今日俄罗斯新闻网